Topics
Trace the relationship between an idea, its evidence, a book, and a lecture.
Artificial intelligence
How do intelligent systems change what we know and how we decide?
The Computer That Cuts Its Own Wage
What happens when inference prices fall faster than long-lived computing assets can recover their capital? An essay on software efficiency, paid demand, capacity and the commercial life of AI hardware.
The Token Deflation Trap: A Preliminary Model of the Economic Value of Accelerated Compute’s Commercial Life
A reproducible synthetic six-year study of how inference-unit price decline, demand elasticity, capacity growth, variable cost and discounting shape computing investment returns.
When Claude Entered the Missile Room
From Shamoon to the Red Sea: a Saudi reading of what changes when some software expertise becomes a cloud service, and of the distance between help with code and a demonstrated military capability.
Code Does Not Fly on Its Own
An analytical paper based on open sources that separates AI use, produced outputs, independent verification, and operational capability, placing the northern Yemen case in regional history without exceeding the limits of attribution or evidence.
Ask a Better Question Before You Adopt AI
AI becomes useful when an institution defines the decision, the limits, and the responsibility before choosing the tool.
Lahjawi: Arabic Cross-Dialect Translator
A paper in the January 2025 WACL-4 proceedings, with Safwan AlModhayan among its co-authors, on Arabic cross-dialect translation.
Wasm: A Pipeline for Constructing Structured Arabic Interleaved Multimodal Corpora
A 2025 arXiv preprint co-authored by Safwan AlModhayan, on constructing Arabic multimodal corpora.
Beyond Digital Transformation
Before deploying an agent, map which decisions are fixed at design time and which may move into runtime.
When Dammam Became a Factory for Seconds
How Groq’s LPU architecture, Saudi inference operations, cooling physics and deadline-aware scheduling could turn compute into measurable useful time.
From Token Factories to Thermal Schedulers
A synthetic linear-program experiment and field-test protocol for deadline-valid AI inference, electricity, cooling water, GPU/LPU telemetry and weather.
The Bee That Stopped the Dance
How swarm intelligence, small specialized models, model routing, and local inference may reshape artificial intelligence systems.
The Borrowed Intelligence Economy
Why AI wrappers are not deep technology, how original technical knowledge creates durable value, and what Saudi Arabia should build by 2030.
The Words That Are Not on the Internet
A proposal for a National Saudi Diwan of Human Knowledge built on authentic human data, consent, provenance, education, and public participation.
Arabic Is Not a Translation Layer
One intent arrives in five forms. Judge the system by the action it takes—and by whether it knows when to ask.
Sovereignty Is More Than a Model
Own the weights, then test the system. Capability is what remains when a supplier, region, or operating assumption changes.
Beyond Digital Transformation
A guide to rebuilding work, decision rights, expertise, and public capacity around verification and responsibility.
Cybersecurity
Trust, access and recovery: examining security as a design decision.
Everything Works. What, Then, Do We Know?
The digital prosperity paradox in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf: what cloud outages reveal about shared dependencies and service continuity—and what success indicators cannot prove.
The Digital Prosperity Paradox: A Framework for Measuring Service Continuity Under Dependencies and Common Shocks
A service-continuity framework and reproducible synthetic experiment comparing three dependency architectures, with results, inference limits and a proposed Saudi validation protocol.
Who Holds the “Yes” When the Center Falls Silent?
How can public services preserve bounded local decision authority during a network failure without pretending that a local copy has the centre’s truth?
A Model of Distributed Authority During Disruption: The Limits of Safe Local Decision-Making in Digital State Services
A bounded 25-state, five-policy computational examination of safe local authority for offline public services, with explicit limits.
The Engineering That Outlives Its Makers
What makes a technical system reconstructible after its original supplier and build environment disappear? An essay on evidence, source rights and technical succession.
The Reproduction Boundary: A Testable Model of Supplier-Independent Technical Recoverability
A research working paper on the Reproduction Boundary and a testable model for restoring technical capability after supplier loss.
Who Buys the Failure Before It Happens?
Can Saudi Arabia turn documented technology failures into portable, inspectable tests that foreign buyers will pay to run again?
From Report to Executable Contract: A Conceptual Study and Computational Experiment in Exportable Software-Failure Knowledge
A conceptual working paper and reproducible synthetic demonstration of executable failure contracts, semantic transfer, test oracles and the commercial evidence an export industry would require.
When Claude Entered the Missile Room
From Shamoon to the Red Sea: a Saudi reading of what changes when some software expertise becomes a cloud service, and of the distance between help with code and a demonstrated military capability.
Code Does Not Fly on Its Own
An analytical paper based on open sources that separates AI use, produced outputs, independent verification, and operational capability, placing the northern Yemen case in regional history without exceeding the limits of attribution or evidence.
When a State Needed an Embassy Without an Ambassador
From a fire at the Public Prosecution office in Dammam to Kyiv and Svalbard: why backups alone cannot protect institutional memory, and how Saudi Arabia might evaluate data embassies as part of a wider architecture for sovereign continuity.
Data Embassies and Saudi Sovereign Continuity: A Testable Comparative Framework
An analytical working paper comparing the legal protection of a data embassy, cases of record continuity under war and disaster, and cryptographic distribution, with proposed tests for any Saudi application.
Security Is a Design Decision
Security becomes credible when access, friction, recovery, and accountability are designed around the harm at stake.
Trust Is Infrastructure
An agent sends what it was told only to review. Separate the reason for the action from the right to take it.
Voice and the Responsibility of Tone
Voice brings meaning closer to a listener, but it does not remove the need for source, context, and consent.
The Birth of Hidden Power
A history of how technical weakness becomes institutional capability, and how authority determines what that capability can do.
The Age of Blowback
A way to distinguish cyber operations by purpose, then follow their consequences through the dependencies that connect states, firms, and everyday life.
Beyond the Breach
A framework for attribution, legitimate response, resilient recovery, and human responsibility as machines accelerate conflict.
Data
What numbers reveal, what they leave out, and how context shapes judgment.
Everything Works. What, Then, Do We Know?
The digital prosperity paradox in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf: what cloud outages reveal about shared dependencies and service continuity—and what success indicators cannot prove.
The Digital Prosperity Paradox: A Framework for Measuring Service Continuity Under Dependencies and Common Shocks
A service-continuity framework and reproducible synthetic experiment comparing three dependency architectures, with results, inference limits and a proposed Saudi validation protocol.
Who Holds the “Yes” When the Center Falls Silent?
How can public services preserve bounded local decision authority during a network failure without pretending that a local copy has the centre’s truth?
A Model of Distributed Authority During Disruption: The Limits of Safe Local Decision-Making in Digital State Services
A bounded 25-state, five-policy computational examination of safe local authority for offline public services, with explicit limits.
The Engineering That Outlives Its Makers
What makes a technical system reconstructible after its original supplier and build environment disappear? An essay on evidence, source rights and technical succession.
The Reproduction Boundary: A Testable Model of Supplier-Independent Technical Recoverability
A research working paper on the Reproduction Boundary and a testable model for restoring technical capability after supplier loss.
The Computer That Cuts Its Own Wage
What happens when inference prices fall faster than long-lived computing assets can recover their capital? An essay on software efficiency, paid demand, capacity and the commercial life of AI hardware.
The Token Deflation Trap: A Preliminary Model of the Economic Value of Accelerated Compute’s Commercial Life
A reproducible synthetic six-year study of how inference-unit price decline, demand elasticity, capacity growth, variable cost and discounting shape computing investment returns.
When the Lights Rise and the Economy Disappears from View
Can satellites read the Saudi economy before its statistics arrive? An essay on nighttime radiance, GDP, data vintages, cultural calendars and the limits of economic inference from orbit.
The Conditional Predictive Value of Satellite Nighttime Lights in the Saudi Economy
A reproducible synthetic study of whether nighttime lights add predictive value to Saudi economic nowcasting—and how that value can reverse after a lighting-regime change.
When Claude Entered the Missile Room
From Shamoon to the Red Sea: a Saudi reading of what changes when some software expertise becomes a cloud service, and of the distance between help with code and a demonstrated military capability.
Code Does Not Fly on Its Own
An analytical paper based on open sources that separates AI use, produced outputs, independent verification, and operational capability, placing the northern Yemen case in regional history without exceeding the limits of attribution or evidence.
When a State Needed an Embassy Without an Ambassador
From a fire at the Public Prosecution office in Dammam to Kyiv and Svalbard: why backups alone cannot protect institutional memory, and how Saudi Arabia might evaluate data embassies as part of a wider architecture for sovereign continuity.
Data Embassies and Saudi Sovereign Continuity: A Testable Comparative Framework
An analytical working paper comparing the legal protection of a data embassy, cases of record continuity under war and disaster, and cryptographic distribution, with proposed tests for any Saudi application.
Data Frames the Decision; It Does Not Make It
Measurements can improve attention while leaving context, values, and responsibility for a decision unresolved.
Wasm: A Pipeline for Constructing Structured Arabic Interleaved Multimodal Corpora
A 2025 arXiv preprint co-authored by Safwan AlModhayan, on constructing Arabic multimodal corpora.
Your Data Has Become Memory
A deleted address still directs a shipment. Trace the derived state, then decide when the past must lose its power to act.
When Dammam Became a Factory for Seconds
How Groq’s LPU architecture, Saudi inference operations, cooling physics and deadline-aware scheduling could turn compute into measurable useful time.
From Token Factories to Thermal Schedulers
A synthetic linear-program experiment and field-test protocol for deadline-valid AI inference, electricity, cooling water, GPU/LPU telemetry and weather.
The Bee That Stopped the Dance
How swarm intelligence, small specialized models, model routing, and local inference may reshape artificial intelligence systems.
The Words That Are Not on the Internet
A proposal for a National Saudi Diwan of Human Knowledge built on authentic human data, consent, provenance, education, and public participation.
Arabic Is Not a Translation Layer
One intent arrives in five forms. Judge the system by the action it takes—and by whether it knows when to ask.
What We Do Not Say
A disciplined way to read speech, behavior, records, and absence without mistaking any one source for the whole person.
The Compass of Reality
A practical discipline for testing definitions, comparisons, causal claims, and confidence before evidence becomes action.
Emerging technologies
Following the path from technical possibility to practical consequences.
Emerging Technologies
A proposed keynote brief about adopting emerging technologies under uncertainty through reversible steps; it is not a record of a previous appearance and does not confirm availability.
When Dammam Became a Factory for Seconds
How Groq’s LPU architecture, Saudi inference operations, cooling physics and deadline-aware scheduling could turn compute into measurable useful time.
From Token Factories to Thermal Schedulers
A synthetic linear-program experiment and field-test protocol for deadline-valid AI inference, electricity, cooling water, GPU/LPU telemetry and weather.
The Bee That Stopped the Dance
How swarm intelligence, small specialized models, model routing, and local inference may reshape artificial intelligence systems.
The Borrowed Intelligence Economy
Why AI wrappers are not deep technology, how original technical knowledge creates durable value, and what Saudi Arabia should build by 2030.
The Words That Are Not on the Internet
A proposal for a National Saudi Diwan of Human Knowledge built on authentic human data, consent, provenance, education, and public participation.
Sovereignty Is More Than a Model
Own the weights, then test the system. Capability is what remains when a supplier, region, or operating assumption changes.
Hinges of Power
A map of power drawn through permissions, dependencies, alternatives, and the time required to replace what fails.
Power
Who controls infrastructure, knowledge and choice—and how technology changes the balance.
Everything Works. What, Then, Do We Know?
The digital prosperity paradox in Saudi Arabia and the Gulf: what cloud outages reveal about shared dependencies and service continuity—and what success indicators cannot prove.
The Digital Prosperity Paradox: A Framework for Measuring Service Continuity Under Dependencies and Common Shocks
A service-continuity framework and reproducible synthetic experiment comparing three dependency architectures, with results, inference limits and a proposed Saudi validation protocol.
Who Holds the “Yes” When the Center Falls Silent?
How can public services preserve bounded local decision authority during a network failure without pretending that a local copy has the centre’s truth?
A Model of Distributed Authority During Disruption: The Limits of Safe Local Decision-Making in Digital State Services
A bounded 25-state, five-policy computational examination of safe local authority for offline public services, with explicit limits.
The Engineering That Outlives Its Makers
What makes a technical system reconstructible after its original supplier and build environment disappear? An essay on evidence, source rights and technical succession.
The Reproduction Boundary: A Testable Model of Supplier-Independent Technical Recoverability
A research working paper on the Reproduction Boundary and a testable model for restoring technical capability after supplier loss.
The Computer That Cuts Its Own Wage
What happens when inference prices fall faster than long-lived computing assets can recover their capital? An essay on software efficiency, paid demand, capacity and the commercial life of AI hardware.
The Token Deflation Trap: A Preliminary Model of the Economic Value of Accelerated Compute’s Commercial Life
A reproducible synthetic six-year study of how inference-unit price decline, demand elasticity, capacity growth, variable cost and discounting shape computing investment returns.
When Claude Entered the Missile Room
From Shamoon to the Red Sea: a Saudi reading of what changes when some software expertise becomes a cloud service, and of the distance between help with code and a demonstrated military capability.
Code Does Not Fly on Its Own
An analytical paper based on open sources that separates AI use, produced outputs, independent verification, and operational capability, placing the northern Yemen case in regional history without exceeding the limits of attribution or evidence.
When a State Needed an Embassy Without an Ambassador
From a fire at the Public Prosecution office in Dammam to Kyiv and Svalbard: why backups alone cannot protect institutional memory, and how Saudi Arabia might evaluate data embassies as part of a wider architecture for sovereign continuity.
Data Embassies and Saudi Sovereign Continuity: A Testable Comparative Framework
An analytical working paper comparing the legal protection of a data embassy, cases of record continuity under war and disaster, and cryptographic distribution, with proposed tests for any Saudi application.
Security Is a Design Decision
Security becomes credible when access, friction, recovery, and accountability are designed around the harm at stake.
Beyond Digital Transformation
Before deploying an agent, map which decisions are fixed at design time and which may move into runtime.
Trust Is Infrastructure
An agent sends what it was told only to review. Separate the reason for the action from the right to take it.
Emerging Technologies
A proposed keynote brief about adopting emerging technologies under uncertainty through reversible steps; it is not a record of a previous appearance and does not confirm availability.
The Borrowed Intelligence Economy
Why AI wrappers are not deep technology, how original technical knowledge creates durable value, and what Saudi Arabia should build by 2030.
Sovereignty Is More Than a Model
Own the weights, then test the system. Capability is what remains when a supplier, region, or operating assumption changes.
The Birth of Hidden Power
A history of how technical weakness becomes institutional capability, and how authority determines what that capability can do.
The Age of Blowback
A way to distinguish cyber operations by purpose, then follow their consequences through the dependencies that connect states, firms, and everyday life.
Beyond the Breach
A framework for attribution, legitimate response, resilient recovery, and human responsibility as machines accelerate conflict.
Beyond Digital Transformation
A guide to rebuilding work, decision rights, expertise, and public capacity around verification and responsibility.
Hinges of Power
A map of power drawn through permissions, dependencies, alternatives, and the time required to replace what fails.
Truth and knowledge
Testing assumptions and telling the difference between evidence and conviction.
When the Lights Rise and the Economy Disappears from View
Can satellites read the Saudi economy before its statistics arrive? An essay on nighttime radiance, GDP, data vintages, cultural calendars and the limits of economic inference from orbit.
The Conditional Predictive Value of Satellite Nighttime Lights in the Saudi Economy
A reproducible synthetic study of whether nighttime lights add predictive value to Saudi economic nowcasting—and how that value can reverse after a lighting-regime change.
Who Buys the Failure Before It Happens?
Can Saudi Arabia turn documented technology failures into portable, inspectable tests that foreign buyers will pay to run again?
From Report to Executable Contract: A Conceptual Study and Computational Experiment in Exportable Software-Failure Knowledge
A conceptual working paper and reproducible synthetic demonstration of executable failure contracts, semantic transfer, test oracles and the commercial evidence an export industry would require.
Ask a Better Question Before You Adopt AI
AI becomes useful when an institution defines the decision, the limits, and the responsibility before choosing the tool.
Data Frames the Decision; It Does Not Make It
Measurements can improve attention while leaving context, values, and responsibility for a decision unresolved.
Your Data Has Become Memory
A deleted address still directs a shipment. Trace the derived state, then decide when the past must lose its power to act.
The Question as a Practice
Disciplined curiosity does more than gather answers; it tests the question and what the question leaves outside its frame.
What Does a Memory Preserve?
A memory is not everything that happened; it is a selection shaped by attention, context, and the medium that carries it.
What We Do Not Say
A disciplined way to read speech, behavior, records, and absence without mistaking any one source for the whole person.
The Compass of Reality
A practical discipline for testing definitions, comparisons, causal claims, and confidence before evidence becomes action.